Pompey was one of the great generals of the late Roman Republic. He campaigned in Africa, Spain, Gaul, and northern Italy. As consul Pompey consolidated the eastern Provinces in Asia Minor- a reorganization that lasted for five centuries.

With Caesar and Crassus Pompey formed the First Triumvirate in Rome. In 49 BC Caesar marched with his army into Italy and defeated Pompey and the Senate's army. Defeated Pompey moved to Cilicia and Cyprus and then to Egypt, where he was murdered.